{"id":1211,"date":"2024-06-23T19:11:37","date_gmt":"2024-06-23T19:11:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/luetic-ginekologija.hr\/?p=1211"},"modified":"2024-12-18T14:48:07","modified_gmt":"2024-12-18T14:48:07","slug":"utjecaj-sindroma-policisticnih-jajnika-na-plodnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/digitallab.hr\/luetic\/utjecaj-sindroma-policisticnih-jajnika-na-plodnost\/","title":{"rendered":"Utjecaj sindroma policisti\u010dnih jajnika na plodnost"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sindrom policisti\u010dnih jajnika (PCOS) je slo\u017eeno reproduktivno, metaboli\u010dko i psiholo\u0161ko stanje koje zna\u010dajno utje\u010de na plodnost i kvalitetu \u017eivota. Ovaj endokrini poreme\u0107aj poga\u0111a 5-18% \u017eena, ovisno o populaciji i dijagnosti\u010dkim kriterijima. Iako se o uzrocima PCOS-a jo\u0161 uvijek raspravlja, smatra se da je multifaktorijalne geneze, \u0161to zna\u010di da na njegovo razvijanje utje\u010du genetski faktori i \u017eivotni stil. Genetska predispozicija je evidentna, posebno u obiteljima gdje su prisutni metaboli\u010dki poreme\u0107aji kod o\u010deva, kao \u0161to su visok krvni tlak, pretilost i dijabetes.<\/p>\n

Simptomi sindroma policisti\u010dnih jajnika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Simptomi PCOS-a mogu varirati od blagih do te\u0161kih i uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n

Neredovite menstruacije<\/h3>\n

Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i simptom PCOS-a su neredovite menstruacije. Menstruacije mogu biti produ\u017eene (oligomenoreja) ili potpuno izostati (amenoreja). U rijetkim slu\u010dajevima, menstruacije mogu biti u\u010destale, a njihova obilnost varira.<\/p>\n

Povi\u0161ena razina mu\u0161kih hormona<\/h3>\n

Povi\u0161ena razina mu\u0161kih spolnih hormona mo\u017ee biti utvr\u0111ena laboratorijski ili mo\u017ee biti vidljiva u klini\u010dkoj slici. Mogu uzrokovati poja\u010danu dlakavost (hirzutizam) na licu, prsima i le\u0111ima, akne, produbljeni glas, smanjenje veli\u010dine dojki i gubitak kose (androgenetska alopecija).<\/p>\n

Pove\u0107ani jajnici<\/h3>\n

Na ultrazvuku su vidljivi pove\u0107ani jajnici s brojnim malim cistama (folikulima).<\/p>\n

Vi\u0161ak kilograma i pretilost<\/h3>\n

Ve\u0107ina \u017eena s PCOS-om ima vi\u0161ak kilograma. Vi\u0161ak inzulina pridonosi pove\u0107anju te\u017eine i ote\u017eava gubitak kilograma, te mo\u017ee uzrokovati tamnu i debelu ko\u017eu u podru\u010dju pazuha i ko\u017enim pregibima (acanthosis nigricans).<\/p>\n

Umanjena plodnost ili neplodnost<\/h3>\n

Zbog svih prethodnih simptoma, PCOS \u010desto uzrokuje umanjenu plodnost ili neplodnost.<\/p>\n

Dijagnoza sindroma policisti\u010dnih jajnika<\/h2>\n

Dijagnoza PCOS-a zahtijeva suradnju endokrinologa, ginekologa i dermatologa. Klju\u010dni koraci u dijagnostici uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n

Hormonski status<\/h3>\n

Odre\u0111ivanje bazi\u010dnih spolnih hormona od 3. do 5. dana ciklusa.<\/p>\n

Klini\u010dki pregled<\/h3>\n

Detaljan pregled pacijentice, uklju\u010duju\u0107i procjenu simptoma povi\u0161enih androgena, mjerenje tjelesne te\u017eine, opsega trbuha i krvnog tlaka.<\/p>\n

Rotterdamski kriteriji<\/h3>\n

Dijagnoza se postavlja na temelju dva od tri kriterija: povi\u0161ena razina androgena, neredoviti menstrualni ciklusi i morfologija policisti\u010dnih jajnika na ultrazvuku. Dodatni testovi mogu uklju\u010divati krvne testove za hormone i parametre poput LH, FSH, prolaktina, estradiola, TSH, inzulina i glukoze, te ultrazvuk abdomena.<\/p>\n

Lije\u010denje sindroma policisti\u010dnih jajnika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Lije\u010denje PCOS-a uklju\u010duje promjenu na\u010dina \u017eivota i medicinske terapije:<\/p>\n

Promjena na\u010dina \u017eivota<\/h3>\n

Zdrava prehrana i redovita tjelovje\u017eba mogu sprije\u010diti prekomjerno dobivanje na te\u017eini i smanjiti pojavu komplikacija.<\/p>\n

Medicinske terapije<\/h3>\n

Mogu\u0107nosti lije\u010denja uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Metformin i mioinozitol<\/strong>: Pobolj\u0161anje inzulinske rezistencije.<\/li>\n
  • Kombinirane oralne kontraceptivne pilule<\/strong>: Regulacija menstrualnog ciklusa i smanjenje hiperandrogenizma.<\/li>\n
  • Suplementacija elementima u tragovima<\/strong>: Pobolj\u0161anje metaboli\u010dke slike PCOS-a.<\/li>\n
  • Psihijatrijska pomo\u0107<\/strong>: Kod klini\u010dke depresije, za pobolj\u0161anje raspolo\u017eenja i kvalitete \u017eivota.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Utjecaj PCOS-a na plodnost<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    PCOS mo\u017ee zna\u010dajno smanjiti plodnost i predstavlja naj\u010de\u0161\u0107u endokrinu disfunkciju koja mo\u017ee ugroziti trudno\u0107u. Rizici uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n

    Komplikacije u trudno\u0107i<\/h3>\n

    PCOS pove\u0107ava rizik od hipertenzije izazvane trudno\u0107om, gestacijskog dijabetesa, preeklampsije i prijevremenog poroda, \u0161to mo\u017ee dovesti do mrtvoro\u0111enosti, neonatalne smrti i abnormalnosti fetalnog rasta.<\/p>\n

    Smanjena stopa spontane plodnosti<\/h3>\n

    Neredovite ovulacije smanjuju broj jajnih stanica dostupnih za oplodnju, a povi\u0161ene razine inzulina i androgena dodatno smanjuju kvalitetu ovulacija.<\/p>\n

    Lije\u010denje neplodnosti<\/h3>\n

    Lije\u010denje neplodnosti kod \u017eena s PCOS-om \u010desto uklju\u010duje kori\u0161tenje letrozola ili klomifen citrata za stimulaciju ovulacije.<\/p>\n

    PCOS je kompleksno stanje koje zna\u010dajno utje\u010de na plodnost i cjelokupno zdravlje \u017eena. Pravovremena dijagnoza i adekvatno lije\u010denje mogu zna\u010dajno pobolj\u0161ati kvalitetu \u017eivota i \u0161anse za za\u010de\u0107e kod \u017eena s PCOS-om. Pravilno lije\u010denje PCOS-om zahtijeva multidisciplinarni pristup i kontinuiranu podr\u0161ku zdravstvenih stru\u010dnjaka.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Sindrom policisti\u010dnih jajnika (PCOS) je slo\u017eeno reproduktivno, metaboli\u010dko i psiholo\u0161ko stanje koje zna\u010dajno utje\u010de na plodnost i kvalitetu \u017eivota. Ovaj endokrini poreme\u0107aj poga\u0111a 5-18% \u017eena, ovisno o populaciji i dijagnosti\u010dkim kriterijima. Iako se o uzrocima PCOS-a jo\u0161 uvijek raspravlja, smatra se da je multifaktorijalne geneze, \u0161to zna\u010di da na njegovo razvijanje utje\u010du genetski faktori i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1274,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[9],"class_list":["post-1211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-luetic-ginekologija"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUtjecaj sindroma policisti\u010dnih jajnika na plodnost - Lueti\u0107 Ginekologija<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/digitallab.hr\/luetic\/utjecaj-sindroma-policisticnih-jajnika-na-plodnost\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Utjecaj sindroma policisti\u010dnih jajnika na plodnost - Lueti\u0107 Ginekologija\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sindrom policisti\u010dnih jajnika (PCOS) je slo\u017eeno reproduktivno, metaboli\u010dko i psiholo\u0161ko stanje koje zna\u010dajno utje\u010de na plodnost i kvalitetu \u017eivota. Ovaj endokrini poreme\u0107aj poga\u0111a 5-18% \u017eena, ovisno o populaciji i dijagnosti\u010dkim kriterijima. Iako se o uzrocima PCOS-a jo\u0161 uvijek raspravlja, smatra se da je multifaktorijalne geneze, \u0161to zna\u010di da na njegovo razvijanje utje\u010du genetski faktori i […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/digitallab.hr\/luetic\/utjecaj-sindroma-policisticnih-jajnika-na-plodnost\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Lueti\u0107 Ginekologija\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-06-23T19:11:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-12-18T14:48:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/digitallab.hr\/luetic\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/PCOS_Impact_on_Fertility.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"luetic_admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"luetic_admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/digitallab.hr\/luetic\/utjecaj-sindroma-policisticnih-jajnika-na-plodnost\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/digitallab.hr\/luetic\/utjecaj-sindroma-policisticnih-jajnika-na-plodnost\/\",\"name\":\"Utjecaj sindroma policisti\u010dnih jajnika na plodnost - 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